We use the past perfect to talk about an action or an event that happened before something else in the past. We arrived too late. The train had just left the station. (The train left the station first, and then we arrived.) We also use the past perfect to talk about an action or event that happened before a particular time in the past. Use simple past tense for the claims that were true in the past but no longer relevant/true etc. Use present perfect tense for the claims that were true and still true claims. This is a technique for you to use while writing scientific papers. Since you would like to support your position, you can use this technique to subtly improve position The former, present simple passive voice, an erroneous usage, most often by Asian second language students who innately fail to grasp the perfect tense due to its conspicuous absence in their own native language, a fact reflected by the fact that less than 1% or only band 8.0 or above students in the IELTS exam can grok, the latter, correct Using the past progressive and past perfect tenses instead of relying only on simple past makes the sentences come alive. How to Use the Past Perfect Tense. The past perfect tense is formed by using the past tense of “has / have,” which is “had” + the past participle of the verb. For example: I + had + seen (past participle of see) Maybe you are explaining why the kitchen is in a mess. We use the present perfect simple more when there is a result in the present (like the cake) and the present perfect continuous more when the action is important. Umm, OK. So you would say ‘She’s been travelling a lot recently.’. Exactly. Compare: We use the past form to talk about a specific time in the past. We use have/has + -en to talk about results we have in the present. I went to Africa last year . He didn’t eat lunch yesterday. Lunch time was in the past. I ‘ve been to Africa. Past simple ( I worked ) - English Grammar Today - a reference to written and spoken English grammar and usage - Cambridge Dictionary The past simple tense is used to refer to definite time, while the present perfect tense refers to indefinite time. The past simple tense indicates series of finished actions or repeated actions; the present perfect tense expresses experience or result. She has already watched this movie 3 times. (present perfect) Present perfect tense is for actions that happened in the past and also have a connection to the present or future. Learn when to use present perfect tense. fiTvCZ8.

how to use past simple and present perfect